For many years, the Collagen Induced Arthritis (CIA) model has been the traditional model used for evaluating compounds in a model of Rheumatoid Arthritis. The model however, presents many challenges to scientists, which led the search for an alternative model using a cocktail of collagen II antibodies - the Collagen Antibody Induced Arthritis Model (CAIA or ACAIA).
Length of Model
The CIA model can extend out 42 or more days. The available and limited facility space is blocked with animals waiting to exhibit disease symptoms. Compounds with a prophylactic regime will require large amounts of material prohibiting the use of expensive positive controls.
Disease Incidence and Severity.
It is not uncommon for disease incidence to be 75% or less in the CIA model, requiring a larger group size. The severity of disease can also increase as the study continues making the correct assessment of compounds not always possible.
Non-synchronized Disease Onset.
Animals exhibit disease symptoms at different rates, which complicates individual treatment schedules or requires the start of treatment when a certain percentage of animals begin to show disease. Statistical analysis of the study can also more challenging.